Chiayi County is located west of Yushan, east of the Taiwan Strait, north of Tainan County, and south of Yunlin County. The administration of Chiayi is divided into two cities, two urban townships, and fourteen rural townships. They are Pozi City, Taibao City, Dalin Township, Budai Township, Zhongpu Township, Zhuqi Township, Meishan Township, Yizhu Township, Minxiong Township, Dongshi Township, Lucao Township, Liujiao Township, Fanlu Township, Shuishang Township, Alishan Township, Dapu Township, Xingang Township, and Xikou Township.
Alishan Township is the only mountain town in Chiayi. It covers a great area but has a small population. The majority of the population consists of the Tsou people. Alishan Township has five villages on the plain and seven villages in the mountain. Legend has it that a warrior named Ali went hunting in the mountain and found a mountain range consisting of 18 mountains. The area is named after him.
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